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C stdio fopen() Function

❮ C stdio Library


Example

Create a file:

FILE *fptr;

// Create a file
fptr = fopen("filename.txt", "w");

// Close the file
fclose(fptr);
Try it Yourself »

Definition and Usage

The fopen() function opens a file and returns a special FILE pointer which is used in other functions that read and write into files.

The fopen() function is defined in the <stdio.h> header file.


Syntax

fopen(const char * filename, const char * mode);

Parameter Values

Parameter Description
filename Required. A string containing the path to the file.
mode Required. A string describing how the file will be used. It can be one of the following

w - Open for writing only. Clears all of the content of the file. If the file does not exist it will be created.
a - Open for writing only. Only writes to the end of the file. If the file does not exist it will be created.
r - Open for reading only. If the file does not exist then a NULL pointer is returned.
w+ - Open for reading and writing. Clears all of the content of the file. If the file does not exist it will be created.
a+ - Open for reading and writing. Only writes to the end of the file. If the file does not exist it will be created.
r+ - Open for reading and writing. If the file does not exist then a NULL pointer is returned.

An additional character "b" can be added to treat the file as a binary file. For example, r+b.

Technical Details

Returns: A FILE pointer which can be used by other file handling functions.

❮ C stdio Library