Spring Boot - Rest Template

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Rest Template is used to create applications that consume RESTful Web Services. You can use the exchange() method to consume the web services for all HTTP methods. The code given below shows how to create Bean for Rest Template to auto wiring the Rest Template object.

...
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
   @Bean
   public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
      return new RestTemplate();
   }
}

GET

Consuming the GET API by using RestTemplate - exchange() method

Assume this URL http://localhost:8080/products returns the following JSON and we are going to consume this API response by using Rest Template using the following code −

[
   {
      "id": "1",
      "name": "Honey"
   },
   {
      "id": "2",
      "name": "Almond"
   }
]

You will have to follow the given points to consume the API −

  • Autowired the Rest Template Object.

  • Use HttpHeaders to set the Request Headers.

  • Use HttpEntity to wrap the request object.

  • Provide the URL, HttpMethod, and Return type for Exchange() method.

...
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @GetMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String getProductList() {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity <String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange("
         http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

POST

Consuming POST API by using RestTemplate - exchange() method

Assume this URL http://localhost:8080/products returns the response shown below, we are going to consume this API response by using the Rest Template.

The code given below is the Request body −

{
   "id":"3",
   "name":"Ginger"
}

The code given below is the Response body −

Product is created successfully

You will have to follow the points given below to consume the API −

  • Autowired the Rest Template Object.

  • Use the HttpHeaders to set the Request Headers.

  • Use the HttpEntity to wrap the request object. Here, we wrap the Product object to send it to the request body.

  • Provide the URL, HttpMethod, and Return type for exchange() method.

...
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @PostMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String createProducts(@RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

PUT

Consuming PUT API by using RestTemplate - exchange() method

Assume this URL http://localhost:8080/products/3 returns the below response and we are going to consume this API response by using Rest Template.

The code given below is Request body −

{
   "name":"Indian Ginger"
}

The code given below is the Response body −

Product is updated successfully

You will have to follow the points given below to consume the API −

  • Autowired the Rest Template Object.

  • Use HttpHeaders to set the Request Headers.

  • Use HttpEntity to wrap the request object. Here, we wrap the Product object to send it to the request body.

  • Provide the URL, HttpMethod, and Return type for exchange() method.

...
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @PutMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}")
   public String updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.PUT, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

DELETE

Consuming DELETE API by using RestTemplate - exchange() method

Assume this URL http://localhost:8080/products/3 returns the response given below and we are going to consume this API response by using Rest Template.

This line of code shown below is the Response body −

Product is deleted successfully

You will have to follow the points shown below to consume the API −

  • Autowired the Rest Template Object.

  • Use HttpHeaders to set the Request Headers.

  • Use HttpEntity to wrap the request object.

  • Provide the URL, HttpMethod, and Return type for exchange() method.

...
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @DeleteMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}")
   public String deleteProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.DELETE, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

The complete Rest Template Controller class file is given below −

ConsumeWebService.java

package com.tutorialspoint.demo.controller;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.tutorialspoint.demo.model.Product;

@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @GetMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String getProductList() {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @PostMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String createProducts(@RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @PutMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}")
   public String updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.PUT, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @DeleteMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}")
   public String deleteProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(headers);
      
      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.DELETE, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

The Rest Controller class which acts a REST service our Web service is calling.

ProductServiceController.java

package com.tutorialspoint.demo.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.tutorialspoint.demo.model.Product;

@RestController
public class ProductServiceController {
   private static Map<String, Product> productRepo = new HashMap<>();
   static {
      Product honey = new Product();
      honey.setId("1");
      honey.setName("Honey");
      productRepo.put(honey.getId(), honey);
      
      Product almond = new Product();
      almond.setId("2");
      almond.setName("Almond");
      productRepo.put(almond.getId(), almond);
   }
   
   @DeleteMapping(value = "/products/{id}")
   public ResponseEntity<Object> delete(@PathVariable("id") String id) { 
      productRepo.remove(id);
      return new ResponseEntity<>("Product is deleted successsfully", HttpStatus.OK);
   }
   
   @PutMapping(value = "/products/{id}")
   public ResponseEntity<Object> updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) { 
      productRepo.remove(id);
      product.setId(id);
      productRepo.put(id, product);
      return new ResponseEntity<>("Product is updated successsfully", HttpStatus.OK);
   }
   
   @PostMapping(value = "/products")
   public ResponseEntity<Object> createProduct(@RequestBody Product product) {
      productRepo.put(product.getId(), product);
      return new ResponseEntity<>("Product is created successfully", HttpStatus.CREATED);
   }
   
   @GetMapping(value = "/products")
   public ResponseEntity<Object> getProduct() {
      return new ResponseEntity<>(productRepo.values(), HttpStatus.OK);
   }
}

The code for Spring Boot Application Class DemoApplication.java is given below −

DemoApplication.java

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
   @Bean
   public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
      return new RestTemplate();
   }
}

The code for Maven build pom.xml is given below −

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.3</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>
   <groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId>
   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>demo</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
   <url/>
   <licenses>
      <license/>
   </licenses>
   <developers>
      <developer/>
   </developers>
   <scm>
      <connection/>
      <developerConnection/>
      <tag/>
      <url/>
   </scm>
   <properties>
      <java.version>21</java.version>
   </properties>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
</project>

The code for Gradle Build build.gradle is given below −

build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '3.3.3'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group = 'com.tutorialspoint'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 21

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

You can create an executable JAR file, and run the Spring Boot application by using the following Maven or Gradle commands −

For Maven, you can use the command given below −

mvn clean install

After BUILD SUCCESS, you can find the JAR file under the target directory.

For Gradle, you can use the command shown below −

gradle clean build

After BUILD SUCCESSFUL, you can find the JAR file under build/libs directory.

Now, run the JAR file by using the following command −

java jar <JARFILE>

Now, the application has started on the Tomcat port 8080.


  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/

[32m :: Spring Boot :: [39m              [2m (v3.3.3)[0;39m

[2024-09-05T13:35:28Z] [org.springframework.boot.StartupInfoLogger] [main] [50] [INFO ] Starting DemoApplication using Java 21.0.3 with PID 9476 (E:\Dev\demo\target\classes started by Tutorialspoint in E:\Dev\demo)
[2024-09-05T13:35:28Z] [org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication] [main] [654] [INFO ] No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer] [main] [111] [INFO ] Tomcat initialized with port 8080 (http)
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog] [main] [173] [INFO ] Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog] [main] [173] [INFO ] Starting service [Tomcat]
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog] [main] [173] [INFO ] Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.28]
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog] [main] [173] [INFO ] Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext] [main] [296] [INFO ] Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 928 ms
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.apache.juli.logging.DirectJDKLog] [main] [173] [INFO ] Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer] [main] [243] [INFO ] Tomcat started on port 8080 (http) with context path '/'
[2024-09-05T13:35:29Z] [org.springframework.boot.StartupInfoLogger] [main] [56] [INFO ] Started DemoApplication in 1.852 seconds (process running for 2.829)

Now hit the below URLs in POSTMAN application and you can see the output.

GET Products by Rest Template − http://localhost:8080/template/products

GET Products by Rest Template

Create Products POST − http://localhost:8080/template/products

Create Products POST

Update Product PUT − http://localhost:8080/template/products/3

Update Products POST

Delete Product − http://localhost:8080/template/products/3

Delete Products POST
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